First Molecular Identification of Canine Parvovirus Type 2 (CPV2) in Chile Reveals High Occurrence of CPV2c Antigenic Variant.

Cristobal Castillo,Nhur-Aischa Zegpi,Rene Ortega,Victor Neira,Sergio Cofre,Daniel Sandoval,Alberto Sandoval,Sofia Grecco,Pamela Aniñir,Ruben Pérez,Yanina Panzera

doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.00194

Abstract

Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV2) is one of the most important intestinal pathogens in dogs and puppies. CPV2 has been evolved into three genetic and antigenic variants (2a, 2b, and 2c), which are distributed worldwide. We reported the first study of genetic diversity of CPV2 in Chile. Sixty-five samples were collected from puppies presenting with severe gastroenteritis and different vaccination statuses. PCR, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and partial sequencing of the coding region of the structural viral protein VP2 was performed. Thirty of a total of 65 samples tested positive by PCR out of which 19 were further classified as CPV2c and one as CPV2a using RFLP and Sanger sequencing. The phylogeny was in concordance with the RFLP analysis. This is the first report of the genetic characterization of CPV2 in Chile and reveals a high occurrence of CPV2c.

Highlights

Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a non-enveloped, linear, single-stranded DNA virus that belongs to the family Parvoviridae, genus Protoparvovirus
The original CPV strain designated as type-2 (CPV2) was reported in the 1970s and soon after that in the 1980s, two antigenic variants termed CPV types 2a (CPV2a) and 2b (CPV2b) were reported [3]
The antigenic variants of CPV2 are classified based on the amino acid present at position 426 of the VP2 capsid protein, asparagine (Asn) for CVP2a, aspartic acid (Asp) for CPV2b, and glutamic acid (Glu) for CPV2c [3]

Summary

Introduction

Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a non-enveloped, linear, single-stranded DNA virus that belongs to the family Parvoviridae, genus Protoparvovirus. The original CPV strain designated as type-2 (CPV2) was reported in the 1970s and soon after that in the 1980s, two antigenic variants termed CPV types 2a (CPV2a) and 2b (CPV2b) were reported [3]. The antigenic variants of CPV2 are classified based on the amino acid present at position 426 of the VP2 capsid protein, asparagine (Asn) for CVP2a, aspartic acid (Asp) for CPV2b, and glutamic acid (Glu) for CPV2c [3]. The CVP2a was the first antigenic variant identified and is still ubiquitous. The CVP2b was first reported in 1984 in the United States and is detected worldwide [4]. The CVP2c was first identified in the 2000s in Italy [3] and later reported in Europe, Asia, and South America [5]. New antigenic variants of CPV2a/b emerged, generated by a specific mutation at position 297 (Ser-Ala), which has been denominated as new CPV2a/b variants [6,7,8,9]

Objectives

Methods

Results