Abstract
Diarrhea remains one of the most common causes of deaths in children. Although many studies have investigated the prevalence of enteric pathogens around the globe some diarrheal episodes remain unexplained. It is possible that some yet-unidentified viral agents could be related to these cases of gastroenteritis. By using viral metagenomics techniques, we screened 251 fecal samples of children between 0.5 to 2.5-year-old with acute diarrhea not associated with common pathogens. These children live in rural areas and have different levels of contact with animals such as pigs, cows and bats. Here we report a complete genome of one mammalian orthoreovirus (MRV) type 3, denoted TO-151/BR, detected in a female child in the state of Tocantins (north of Brazil). Brazilian TO-151/BR strain was classified as MRV-3 based on S1 phylogeny and was closely related to porcine Asian strains. Phylogenetic analyses showed that other segments were more similar to MRV-3s of different geographic locations and hosts, including human and bats, highlighting genome reassortment and lack of host-specific barriers. This is the first report of MRV-3 in South America and a hypothesis of a silent long-term circulation of this virus in Brazil has been raised.
Highlights
Diarrhea remains one of the most common causes of deaths in children
We report the detection of mammalian orthoreovirus (MRV)-3 and whole genomic characterization in Brazil for the first time
The patient infected by MRV-3 was born on July 23, 2013, and was an inhabitant of the rural area of Araguaina, a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Tocantins
Summary
Diarrhea remains one of the most common causes of deaths in children. many studies have investigated the prevalence of enteric pathogens around the globe some diarrheal episodes remain unexplained. MRVs are associated to gastrointestinal and respiratory illness and have been isolated from a wide variety of mammalian species including bats, minks, pigs and humans[5,6]. We report the detection of MRV-3 and whole genomic characterization in Brazil for the first time.
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