Abstract
IntroductionNDM-1 carbapenemase is spreading rapidly all over the world, but this metallo-beta-lactamase has just been detected for the first time in an Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) isolate of the ST85 clone in Spain. The aim of this study was to characterize a NDM-1-producing carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CR-Ab) isolate submitted to the Andalusian PIRASOA [infection prevention program] referral laboratory. MethodsCarbapenemases were detected by PCR and Sanger DNA sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was performed by NGS (Miseq, Illumina). Resistance genes were identified with RESfinder, while MLSTfinder was used for sequence typing (ST). The genetic location of blaNDM-1 was determined by nuclease S-1/PFGE/hybridization with specific probe. ResultsThe isolate was susceptible to amikacin and tigecycline and belonged to the ST85 clone. blaOXA-94 and blaNDM-1 were identified by PCR and Sanger DNA sequencing, respectively. The resistance genes aadB, blaADC-25, blaNDM-1, blaOXA-94, msr(E), mph(E) and floR,sul2 were identified by NGS. The chromosome of the isolate contained a defective Tn125 transposon with blaNDM-1 flanked by the insertion sequences ISAbA125 and ISAba14. The blaNDM-1 gene was only detected in the chromosomal DNA. ConclusionThis is the first time that blaNDM-1 has been detected and characterized in a blaOXA-94-producing CR-Ab isolate belonging to the ST85 clone in Spain.
Highlights
New Delhi metallo--lactamase-1 (NDM-1) carbapenemase is spreading rapidly all over the world, but this metallo-betalactamase has just been detected for the first time in an Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) isolate of the ST85 clone in Spain
The isolate was assigned to ST85 by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and the MLSTFinder 1.8 tool, and was clonally unrelated to previous pulsotypes of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii in the MIC
In countries all over the world, the acquired carbapenemase NDM-1 is spreading efficiently in several gramnegative microorganisms in nosocomial and community-acquired infections, which poses a major challenge for the treatment and control of healthcareassociated infections.[4,5,14,15]
Summary
NDM-1 carbapenemase is spreading rapidly all over the world, but this metallo-betalactamase has just been detected for the first time in an Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) isolate of the ST85 clone in Spain. MBLs tend to hydrolyze carbapenems more efficiently than oxacillinases and have a broader spectrum of hydrolytic activity (including expanded-spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam).[2,3] Some of these MBLs, like the New Delhi metallo--lactamase-1 (NDM-1), are rapidly spreading worldwide in gramnegative bacteria, which represent a serious problem from a clinical and an epidemiological point of view.[4,5] In A. baumannii, the gene encoding NDM-1 has been detected on the chromosome and, less frequently, in plasmids from isolates from different countries around the world.[6] Since this is the first time that NDM-1-producing A. baumannii has been detected in Spain, we decided to (i) characterize this isolate; (ii) determine the genetic localization (chromosomal or plasmidic) of blaNDM-1 and (iii) analyze its genetic environment
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