First hematologic and serum biochemistry record of black drum Pogonias cromis (Linnaeus, 1766) in a Neotropical hypersaline Lagoon

Alejandra Filippo Gonzalez Neves Dos Santos ,Nadia Regina Pereira Almosny Nadia Regina Pereira Almosny,Ana Paula De Castro Rodrigues Ana Paula De Castro Rodrigues

doi:10.30574/wjbphs.2021.5.1.0107

Alejandra Filippo Gonzalez Neves Dos Santos , Nadia Regina Pereira Almosny Nadia Regina Pereira Almosny + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2021.5.1.0107

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Abstract

This study is a pioneer in describing the first hematological parameters and serum biochemistry record of black drum, Pogonias cromis (Linnaeus, 1766) in a Neotropical hypersaline Lagoon. We collected a total of 32 individuals of P. cromis, with a total length (TL) ranging between 160 and 710mm, and total weight (TW) ranging between 24 and 39.8g. Blood samples were taken and the presence of granulocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes indicated that P. cromis had developed an immune system. Increased levels of thrombocytes with decreased levels of the lymphocytes, may be due to an increased frequency of lymphocytes among the leukocytes, which is also seen in the trend of higher levels of lymphocytes associated with an increased leukocyte count. The mean count of red blood cells (1.97 ± 0.07 106 mm³) was relatively low, whilst the hematocrit (37.4 ± 0.9%) and mean corpuscular volume (195.8 ± 1.9 fL) were higher when compared with those of other species of marine fish. High total plasma protein values (6.3 ± 0.1 g/dL) suggest an osmotic imbalance, which could be due to the stress of the environment. The relatively high values of ALT and AST (90 ± 0.7 and 229 ± 4.5 U/L, respectively) and urea (24.7 ± 0.6 mg/dL), and the low levels of creatinine (0.10 ± 0.02 mg/dL), suggest possible liver dysfunction in this species in this ecosystem. This work indicates the use of hematological analysis of P. cromis could be used as an effective biomarker for environmental risk assessments.

Highlights

The human population growth experienced in recent decades, coupled with increased technological advances and an increase in industrial processes, has led to an expansion in the level of xenobiotic compounds in aquatic ecosystems
There was a positive nonlinear trend between hemoglobin, total length (TL) (F = 5.68, p = 0.008), and total weight (TW) (F = 6.39, p = 0.005), where lower concentrations of hemoglobin were observed at shorter lengths and weights (Fig. 2)
Neutrophils showed a nonlinear trend with K (F = 4.24, p = 0.05), being the highest values found between the extreme values of K (Fig. 2)

Summary

Introduction

The human population growth experienced in recent decades, coupled with increased technological advances and an increase in industrial processes (including the manufacture of chemicals such as fertilizers, insecticides and herbicides), has led to an expansion in the level of xenobiotic compounds in aquatic ecosystems This has contributed to the reduction in the quality of different habitats, as well as compromising the health of the living organisms that inhabit these ecosystems [1]. Environmental monitoring programmers have recommended the use of biomarkers to detect the damage caused by contaminants, making it possible to observe the early effects on organisms, before irreversible damage has occurred [3] In this context, hematological studies of different fish species are of ecological and physiological interest, since they improve our understanding of the relationship between blood characteristics, phylogeny, physical activity, fish habitat, and adaptability in the environment [4]. The aim of this study was describe the first hematological parameters and serum biochemistry record of black drum, Pogonias cromis (Linnaeus, 1766) in a Neotropical hypersaline Lagoon

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