First experiment by two-dimensional digital mammography with synchrotron radiation

Abstract

Two-dimensional digital mammography with synchrotron radiation was developed to obtain high-contrast images. The system consisted of a single-crystal monochromator with an asymmetrically reflecting silicon 〈311〉 crystal, an avalanche multiplication-type pick-up tube camera with a fluorescent plate and lens-coupling system, and a workstation. The preliminary experiment was carried out with a synchrotron light source at the Photon Factory, KEK, in Tsukuba. Breast phantom and human breast specimen were imaged using 20 keV monochromatic synchrotron X-rays. These images were compared with images obtained by a conventional mammography system. The minimal detectable diameter of microcalcification on the breast phantom was 165 µm by the two-dimensional synchrotron radiation imaging system and 196 µm by the conventional mammography system. In the breast specimens, microcalcification and soft-tissue masses were clearly imaged and their contrasts improved by about 18% and 38%, respectively, in the two-dimensional synchrotron radiation system. The entrance surface dose of the two-dimensional synchrotron radiation system was about 400 mR, which was almost the same value as the 420 mR delivered by the conventional mammography system. Two-dimensional synchrotron radiation digital mammography is considered to be a powerful imaging modality for diagnosing breast tumors.