Abstract
Canine Circovirus (CanineCV) is an emerging virus which since its first report in USA in 2012, it has been described worldwide. It was the second mammalian circovirus species identified in dogs and its role in canine enteritis is still being uncertain as much as its association in disease with the Canine Parvovirus-2 (CPV-2). Here, we aim to confirm for the first time the presence of CanineCV in Colombia and to develop phylogenetic evolutive analyses of CanineCV in CPV-2 positive animals. DNA from samples were extracted and PCR, full genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis was performed to detect and characterize CanineCV. From a total of 30 CPV-2 positive samples, 16.6% (n = 5) were positives for CanineCV. Sequencing analysis of Colombian CanineCV wild-type strains displayed high identity to each other (99.5–99.7% nt; 99.7% aa). The full genome phylogenetic analysis confirmed that worldwide reported CanineCV strains were separated into four distinct genotypes in addition to a European origin of the South American CanineCV strains. This study demonstrated the importance of continue surveillance of emerging viruses in canine populations and confirm for the first time the circulation and origin of CanineCV in Colombia.
Highlights
Canine Circovirus (CanineCV) is a non-enveloped, icosahedral virus with a single-stranded covalently closed circular DNA genome of 2 kb in length approximately, classified under the genus Circovirus within the family of Circoviridae[1]
The virus has been already reported in different wildlife carnivorous from Europe, mainly in Wolves (Canis lupus), red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and virus from those wild animals share a genome identity up to 80%, suggesting that wildlife and dogs can interchange related circoviruses and that CanineCV could possibly be transmitted from dogs to wild canids, or vice v ersa[13,14,15,16]
Recent molecular surveys have proposed the role of CanineCV as a causative agent and it might play a role as a co-pathogen in the development of gastrointestinal disorders, mainly acting in synergism with other enteric viruses such as Canine Parvovirus-2 (CPV-2)[20,21,22,23]
Summary
Canine Circovirus (CanineCV) is a non-enveloped, icosahedral virus with a single-stranded covalently closed circular DNA genome of 2 kb in length approximately, classified under the genus Circovirus within the family of Circoviridae[1]. New circoviruses had been reported recently, such as the PCV3, which has been found in tissues or serum of healthy and pigs suffering from different clinical c onditions[6] and the CanineCV reported in serum samples of clinically healthy dogs in U SA1. It is well known that gastrointestinal disorders in canines are one of the most common diseases reported in clinics of companion animal and that these disease can be caused by a number of synergistic viral, bacterial and parasitic p athogens[20]. Recent molecular surveys have proposed the role of CanineCV as a causative agent and it might play a role as a co-pathogen in the development of gastrointestinal disorders, mainly acting in synergism with other enteric viruses such as Canine Parvovirus-2 (CPV-2)[20,21,22,23]
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