First Description of Factors Influencing the Outcome of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Children’s Medical Center

Abstract

Background: There are several factors may have an impact on the prognosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). They may change the outcome and treatment if they are present in a patient. Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine the association of those factors with the outcome. Patients and Methods: The study was performed on 74 infants with DDH in Children’s Medical Centre. After obtaining informed consent and ethical approval, patients with DDH confirmed by ultrasound were included, and possible risk factors including severity of DDH based on the Graf criteria, follow-up length, age, gender, laterality, type of delivery, amniotic fluid index, fetal anomalies, birth order of children, and methods of treatment were collected and compared against treatment response. Results: There were 58 female and 19 male patients with a mean age of 6.54 weeks. Bilateral DDH was found in 31 females and nine males. The average alpha and beta angles were 53.19 ± 5.7 and 66.53 ± 6.6 degree, respectively. The severity of DDH had a significant association with treatment response (P = 0.003). Recovery was better in females than in males (P = 0.031). In addition, the first‐born infants had a better response (P = 0.001). A meaningful connection (P = 0.01) was noted between the amniotic fluid index as well as renal/limb anomalies and treatment response. Type of delivery (cesarean versus vaginal) or fetal presentation had no significant association with treatment response (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Factors with a negative impact on DDH outcomes include the severity of DDH, male gender, higher birth order, oligohydramnios, renal and limb anomalies.