Abstract
Considering the intriguing relationship between immune system and behavior recently described in mammals, and the lack of information of this relationship in fish, here we describe for the first time the interaction between the immune system and social and exploratory behavior in zebrafish. Fish high responders to novelty (HRN) presented a proinflammatory profile, with increased IL-1β and reduced IL-10 expression compared to fish low responders to novelty (LRN). Likewise, fish less responsive to social stimuli have a reduced expression of INF-γ. We show that fish with different behavior patterns have differences in the immune response. Our findings indicate that the interplay between immune system and behavior in zebrafish is similar to that found in mammalian models and that zebrafish should be considered as a potential model organism to study the relationship between immune system and behavior.
Highlights
Considering the intriguing relationship between immune system and behavior recently described in mammals, and the lack of information of this relationship in fish, here we describe for the first time the interaction between the immune system and social and exploratory behavior in zebrafish
Learning and memory are affected by Interleukin 4 (IL-4), a cytokine produced by mast cells during inflammation, and by T lymphocytes, which are found on meninges and central to adaptive immune responses[8]
Considering the intriguing relationship between immune system and behavior[3,5,6,7,8,9,15], and the lack of information of this relationship in fish, here we describe the interaction between the immune system and social and exploratory behavior in zebrafish
Summary
Considering the intriguing relationship between immune system and behavior recently described in mammals, and the lack of information of this relationship in fish, here we describe for the first time the interaction between the immune system and social and exploratory behavior in zebrafish. Studies in rodents demonstranted that cells and molecules of the immune system are involved in neurological functions such as learning, memory, anxiety and social behavior[5,6,7,8,9]. Considering the intriguing relationship between immune system and behavior[3,5,6,7,8,9,15], and the lack of information of this relationship in fish, here we describe the interaction between the immune system and social and exploratory behavior in zebrafish
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