Abstract
In this paper, we present a fully automated procedure for the direct design of a novel class of single-feed flat antennas with patterning of a conductive surface. We introduce a convenient surface discretization, based on hexagonal cells, and define an appropriate objective function, including both gain and input matching requirements. The reference geometry is constituted by a very thin, single feed-point square panel. It features a backing metal plate (“ground”) and a top conductive layer, which is automatically patterned to achieve the desired radiation and input matching properties. The process employs an evolutionary algorithm combined with a boundary element electromagnetic solver. By applying this method, we designed an antenna tailored to the 2.4 GHz ISM frequency band, with a size of 24,hbox {cm} times 24,hbox {cm}, i.e., 2 times 2 wavelengths and an height of 4 mm, or 0.03 wavelengths. Measured data confirmed the expected high gain (13 dBi), with a remarkable aperture efficiency (higher than 50%, including losses), thus validating the proposed approach.
Highlights
In this paper, we present a fully automated procedure for the direct design of a novel class of singlefeed flat antennas with patterning of a conductive surface
The design of flat directive antennas is characterized by the challenge of combining high gain, small losses, as well as a reduced volume occupation
In this work we address the design of flat directive antennas based on a PCB-realizable structure
Summary
We present a fully automated procedure for the direct design of a novel class of singlefeed flat antennas with patterning of a conductive surface. The design of flat directive antennas is characterized by the challenge of combining high gain, small losses, as well as a reduced volume occupation. In this work we address the design of flat directive antennas based on a PCB-realizable structure.
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