FIRST CONFIRMED DISTRIBUTION RECORDS OF Dendrelaphis bifrenalis (BOULENGER, 1890) (REPTILIA: COLUBRIDAE) IN INDIA, WITH A REVISED KEY TO THE SOUTHERN INDIAN FORMS

Abstract

We report for the first time an accurate record of Dendrelaphis bifrenalis (Boulenger, 1890), a colubrid snake thus far considered endemic to Sri Lanka, from southern India. Our data is based on a voucher specimen collected from Shenbagathoppu, Srivilliputhur, Tamil Nadu, India. We also refer a paratype of D. girii from Sirumalai and a voucher specimen previously identified as D. girii from Meghamalai (both from Tamil Nadu, India) to D. bifrenalis. Additionally, based on congruence of diagnostic features, observed but uncollected specimens reported from the Eastern Ghats in Jawadi, Bilgiri and the Tada (or Kambakkam) hills are herein referred to D. bifrenalis. The Indian records of D. bifrenalis available thus far indicate its occurrence in mixed deciduous forests of mid-hills. Our examination of the historical (in 1890s) specimen that formed the sole basis of the record of D. bifrenalis in India, from “Trevandrum, Travancore” in the wet zone of the Western Ghats reveals that it is in fact D. girii. We conclude by drawing parallels in distribution patterns between the Western Ghats-endemic D. girii and the corresponding Sri Lankan wet zone endemic species D. wickrorum, whose description enabled a proper identification of the Sri Lankan and Indian dry zone populations as D. bifrenalis.