Abstract
The first geodetic reference frame in Norway was established by triangulation 1779–1799. In 1785 the formal decision was made to establish the reference meridian in Trondheim. Latitude determinations had already been made in 1782–83 by observing meridian transits of the sun and stars with a geographical circle. Additional instruments were added to equip a small observatory. Time determinations were made with a transit instrument and pendulum clock. Lunar occultations and eclipses of the sun, moon, and Jovian satellites were observed with a Dollond refractor for longitude determination. This activity continued till 1791 when the instruments were transferred to Bergen to establish a control meridian there. We have searched archives in Denmark and Norway to recover original observations, correspondence, and other documents. This allows us to trace the history and to reanalyse observational data to determine statistical uncertainties and gain insight into systematic effects. Observing sites have been identified and allow comparison between historical results and modern GPS measurements.
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