Abstract
Monthly length-frequency data, from 2009 to 2014, was used to estimate the growth parameters, mortality, and spawning season, and to assess the exploitation status of Thryssa vitrirostris (Engraulidae) fisheries in Pebane. The von Bertalanffy asymptotic length (L∞) and growth rate (K) were 25.1 cm (standard length) and 0.41 per year (standard length), respectively. Two proxy recruitment peaks were found: the first peak of recruitment occurs from April to July, and the second recruitment peak from September to October. The total estimated mortality rates (Z), natural mortality (M), and fishing mortality (F) were Z = 1.31, M = 0.92, and F = 0.39. For the beach seine gear, the size at first catch of T. vitrirostris was Lc25 = 4.43 cm. The 50% retention size of the catch was Lc50 = 5.39 cm. The retention probability analyses revealed a large rate of juvenile fishing mortality (54.2%). The estimated exploitation rate (0.30) was below the maximum exploitation rate (0.48), and above the optimal sustainable exploitation rate (E50 = 0.28), evidencing a sustainable fishery. However, under such an exploitation regime, it is advised that a continuously monitoring-survey of T. vitrirostris is maintained. An increase in migration of fishermen has been recently recorded in Pebane, due to its rich fisheries, which can increase the fishing effort and the risk of overexploitation if management measures (such as mesh size increase) are not taken in advance.
Highlights
The Mozambique’s fisheries are divided in three subsectors: industrial, artisanal, and subsistence.The artisanal and subsistence fisheries contribute to the large amount of landings, and more than 2/3 of landings in the economic exclusive zone [1]
The Mozambique coast is subject to intense fishing pressure by artisanal fishing [1]
Nomanagement, scientific information is available fishery management or ecosystem with consequent socio-economic and biodiversity impacts. This increases the impact no scientific information is available to support fishery management or ecosystem ecological-based of a rise in poverty, under thesocio-economic current scenario of an increase inimpacts
Summary
The Mozambique’s fisheries are divided in three subsectors: industrial, artisanal, and subsistence. The artisanal and subsistence fisheries contribute to the large amount of landings, and more than 2/3 of landings in the economic exclusive zone [1]. Small-scale and subsistence small-medium pelagic fisheries have a major socio-economic role for coastal communities, comprising an important direct protein food source [2]. The small-scale and subsistence fishing takes place both from shore and from canoes and dhow-type planked boats, mostly propelled by sails [3]), and they almost exclusively target the nearshore waters, up to 40 m depth or less [4]. Doherty et al [5] reconstructed Mozambique catches and estimated them to be between 55,000 and 64,000 t/year in 1950s, and between 120,000 and 130,000 t/year by the late 2000s. According to the National Institute of Fisheries Research (IIP)
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