Abstract
The new coronavirus syndrome (COVID-19) is a multi-organ pathological manifestation that, in severe forms, causes greater damage to the respiratory system, especially in the lung district with severe respiratory failure. In many cases, especially in elderly patients with high comorbidity degree, the disease can have a rapid course with a fatal outcome. Specifically, the data relating to the four Italian regions most affected by the effects of the new coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), namely Lombardia, Veneto, Emilia Romagna and Piemonte, were assessed. In this work, we decided to focus the analysis only on data relating to patients admitted to the intensive care unit and to patients who died in Italy with COVID-19 in the period 24 February–4 May 2020. We used a data set where each point was an expression not of a single day, but of a longer period of time (date-points method). The article clearly identifies the phases in which the epidemic was articulated at national level and in the observed regions. Both the overall national data and the data referring to the most affected regions show an initial exponential mortality trend up to March 21st approximately. From this point the restrictive measures adopted from March 10th shows their effects and the trend first increases only linearly and then finally decreases, also thanks to the implementation of therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating respiratory distress and the clinical condition of thromboembolism, typical of critical patient COVID-19.
Highlights
In March 11 2020, the World Health Organization declared the world pandemic for fatal pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus [1].On March 8, 2020, the Lombardia region had already been declared a “red zone” by the Italian government and lockdown measures were been implemented
The value of new infected people provided every day by the health authorities is affected by a great bias due to patients positive but asymptomatic, not subjected to diagnostic tests, which are not taken into account. For this reason, we decided to focus the analysis only on data relating to patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and to patients who died in Italy with COVID-19 in the period 24 February–4 May 2020
The data relating to the four Italian regions most affected by the effects of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, namely Lombardia, Veneto, Emilia Romagna and Piemonte, were assessed
Summary
In March 11 2020, the World Health Organization declared the world pandemic for fatal pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus [1]. The new coronavirus syndrome (COVID-19) is a multi-organ pathological manifestation that, in severe forms, causes greater damage to the respiratory system, especially in the lung district with severe respiratory failure (COVID-19-related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) [2] This condition arises, at least from current evidence, as a complex syndrome that combines bilateral interstitial pneumonia with an endothelial vascular alteration that leads to diffuse thromboembolism in the lung [3]. The value of new infected people provided every day by the health authorities is affected by a great bias due to patients positive but asymptomatic, not subjected to diagnostic tests, which are not taken into account For this reason, we decided to focus the analysis only on data relating to patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and to patients who died in Italy with COVID-19 in the period 24 February–4 May 2020. Vaia / Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 11(1) 46–54
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