Abstract
The drones that were initially used for military purposes have expanded their use in other areas. In this work the construction of a low cost drone is presented, which was applied to the monitoring and detection of fires in rural areas. A smoke sensor MQ-2 and a high-resolution camera was used for fire monitoring and detection. The GSM technology was used for communication between the use and the drone via SMS and there is a smartphone application where the user can configure the drone flight route and calibrate the sensors within it. The proposed drone proved to be efficient in the initial tests, but showed stability problems when the number of satellites was below 4 units identified or in the presence of strong winds. The MQ-2 smoke sensor proved to be efficient in collecting environmental and functional data in fire detection. The camera can get images every 5 seconds and help monitor the area of interest. In future works, we intend to explore images to improve fire detection and classification using the technology of image processing.
Highlights
The Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, were initially designed and built for military purposes, for missions that would be hard for humans to accomplish
The smoke sensor MQ-2 is suspended on the drone during flight, which causes the wind moved by the helices to interfere with the results the sensor collects
The practical tests for fire detection were performed on an environment controlled with propane, in order to assess the sensor efficiency and sensitivity
Summary
The Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, were initially designed and built for military purposes, for missions that would be hard for humans to accomplish. These demands come mostly from military intelligence areas, such as artillery support and control, aerial support for infantry and cavalry troops on battlefields, cruise missile control, activities of urban, coast, environmental and border patrol, search and rescue activities, among others [16]. The type of drone used for this purpose cannot be the same as the ones used for military services, since they do not need to be fast, but stable at low speeds [4]
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