Abstract
Fire is one of the most dangerous phenomena causing major casualties and financial losses in hospitals and healthcare settings. In order to prevent and control the fire sources, first risk assessment should be conducted. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is one of the techniques widely used for risk assessment. However, Risk Priority Number (RPN) in this technique does not take into account the weight of the risk parameters. In addition, indirect relationships between risk parameters and expert opinions are not considered in decision making in this method. The aim is to conduct fire risk assessment of healthcare setting using the application of FMEA combined with Multi‐Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods. First, a review of previous studies on fire risk assessment was conducted and existing rules were identified. Then, the factors influencing fire risk were classified according to FMEA criteria. In the next step, weights of fire risk criteria and subcriteria were determined using Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multiplicative Best-Worst Method (IFMBWM) and different wards of the hospital were ranked using Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Combinative Distance-based Assessment (IVIFCODAS) method. Finally, a case study was performed in one of the hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. In this study, fire alarm system (0.4995), electrical equipment and installations (0.277), and flammable materials (0.1065) had the highest weight, respectively. The hospital powerhouse also had the highest fire risk, due to the lack of fire extinguishers, alarms and fire detection, facilities located in the basement floor, boilers and explosive sensitivity, insufficient access, and housekeeping. The use of MCDM methods in combination with the FMEA method assesses the risk of fire in hospitals and health centers with great accuracy.
Highlights
Fire is one of the most dangerous phenomena causing major casualties and financial losses [1]
Risk factors for fires in healthcare buildings were extracted from previous studies [6, 7, 38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45], using safe hospital standards [46] and national building regulation [47] and consulting with a panel of ten experts consisting of occupational safety and health experts working in hospitals and hospital inspectors; the identified factors were classified according to the criteria of the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method including probability, severity, and detectability of fire
Fire risk criteria and subcriteria were provided to the panel of experts using Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multiplicative Best-Worst Method (IFMBWM) questionnaire and they were asked to compare the importance of each criteria and subcriteria by pairwise comparison in terms of probability, severity, and detectability
Summary
Fire Risk Assessment in Healthcare Settings: Application of FMEA Combined with Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods. Indirect relationships between risk parameters and expert opinions are not considered in decision making in this method. E aim is to conduct fire risk assessment of healthcare setting using the application of FMEA combined with Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods. A review of previous studies on fire risk assessment was conducted and existing rules were identified. Weights of fire risk criteria and subcriteria were determined using Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multiplicative Best-Worst Method (IFMBWM) and different wards of the hospital were ranked using Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Combinative Distance-based Assessment (IVIFCODAS) method. E use of MCDM methods in combination with the FMEA method assesses the risk of fire in hospitals and health centers with great accuracy Fire alarm system (0.4995), electrical equipment and installations (0.277), and flammable materials (0.1065) had the highest weight, respectively. e hospital powerhouse had the highest fire risk, due to the lack of fire extinguishers, alarms and fire detection, facilities located in the basement floor, boilers and explosive sensitivity, insufficient access, and housekeeping. e use of MCDM methods in combination with the FMEA method assesses the risk of fire in hospitals and health centers with great accuracy
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