Abstract
All patients receive oxygen perioperatively during general anesthesia. It is easy to provide and relatively inexpensive. However, the oxygen concentration varies widely not only between different operation procedures but also between different countries. There is, so far, no general accepted guideline or agreement about an optimal inspiratory oxygen concentration. In the last years, many studies demonstrated that the choice of a certain inspiratory oxygen fraction influences not only the intraoperative but also the postoperative outcome of the patient. Supplemental oxygen improves immune function leading to a decreased rate of wound infections. In addition, a drop in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) was observed with a higher concentration of oxygen. Unfavourable but inevitable is the formation of atelectasis induced by a high oxygen concentration.
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