Abstract
Cannabis has garnered a great deal of new attention in the past couple of years due to the increasing hopes of its legalization for recreational use and indications for medicinal benefit. The increasing consumption and cultivation has led to a multiplication of scientific studies. Focus was placed in this study foremost on yielding morphological data (length of the plant, inflorescence fresh and dry weight) for appropriate mechanical harvest and biochemical cannabinoids analysis of the industrial cannabis “Finola” that is newly grown in Greece. The average, standard error and the coefficient of variation were estimated in case of necessity and the correlation among all results was done using Microsoft Excel 2010 and Minitab 19 Software. Furthermore, three chemical analyses for TLC and NMR techniques were applied for analysis. The Cannabinoid quality or chemotype analysis was also calculated. After extraction and isolation of cannabinoids using ethanol and other separation compounds, cannabinoid acids, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD) and some other cannabinoids were extracted, isolated, identified and isolated with no delays or limitations. Finola cannabis provided a scientific background that may be considered by the Lebanese growers to accelerate and improve the relative mentality and to provide a collection of relevant scientific information, upon which the field of cannabis analysis can continue to grow.
Highlights
In Cannabis sativa, cannabinoids are present in all parts of the plants, but the highest concentration can be found in glandular trichomes on the surfaces of leaves and flowers (Hemphill et al, 2004) and their detection is of great concern
This work explained the methods of Finola strain (Cannabis sativa L.) growth and morphological traits used for hemp harvest at the appropriate time in order to extract, isolate and identify cannabinoids from panicle samples
Oil was examined by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for analysis using TLC plates and NMR spectroscopy graphs
Summary
It originated thousands of years ago in Asia and has been spreading into many regions of the world, eventually to the Americas and the rest of the world (Warf, 2014). Cannabis is considered as a chemically complex species based on its numerous natural constituents. It contains a unique class of terpenophenolic compounds called cannabinoids, which have been extensively studied since the discovery of the chemical structure of tetrahydrocannabinol commonly known as THC, the main constituent responsible for the psychoactive effects. In Cannabis sativa, cannabinoids are present in all parts of the plants, but the highest concentration can be found in glandular trichomes on the surfaces of leaves and flowers (Hemphill et al, 2004) and their detection is of great concern. Several analytical methods for identification can be used including immunoassays (Enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, fluorescence polarization, and radioimmunoassay), planar chromatography techniques, classical thin-layer chromatography (TLC), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), optimum performance laminar chromatography (OPLC), and automated multiple development (AMD), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Galand et al, 2004)
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