Abstract
2-color QCD is the simplest QCD-like theory which is accessible to lattice simulations at finite density. It therefore plays an important role to test qualitative features and to provide benchmarks to other methods and models, which do not suffer from a sign problem. To this end, we determine the minimal-Landau-gauge propagators and 3-point vertices in this theory over a wide range of densities, the vacuum, and at both finite temperature and density. The results show that there is essentially no modification of the gauge sector in the low-temperature, low-density phase. Even outside this phase only mild modifications appear, mostly in the chromoelectric sector.
Highlights
It has been argued for a long time that nuclear matter at high density and low temperature would undergo a transition to a phase where quarks are the main degrees of freedom
This is a wellestablished topic, see e.g., [61,62] for reviews, and [63,64] for recent determinations. All these results show no qualitative differences in the gauge sector, the main effect being a suppression of the gluon propagator at mid-momentum
Summarizing, we have studied the behavior of the gauge sector in two-color QCD both in the vacuum and at nonzero temperature and chemical potential
Summary
It has been argued for a long time that nuclear matter at high density and (relatively) low temperature would undergo a transition to a phase where quarks are the main degrees of freedom. Due to the attractive strong interaction, it is expected that the Fermi surface will be disturbed leading to various pairing patterns of quarks and different phases [1,2,3,4,5,6,7] To firmly establish these qualitative features demands a first-principles calculation of QCD at low temperature and high densities. Lattice QCD, as the mainstay of nonperturbative methods of studying QCD, suffers from the infamous sign problem It arises as a result of introducing a quark-chemical potential in combination with the complex color representation of the quarks in QCD, which leads to a complex action in the path-integral. Note that we find here that some of the results on such coarse lattices appear to be lattice artifacts, and the preliminary conclusions of [43] are superseded by the ones presented here
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