Finite volume modeling of bathymetry and fault-controlled fluid circulation in the Sea of Marmara

Abstract

Fluid vents in the Sea of Marmara were discovered and investigated by several studies. In this paper, a numerical model is created for the first time to determine the possible transport mechanism behind those fluid emissions at the seafloor. The finite volume method is used for numerical simulations by implementing a commercial finite volume code, ANSYS-Fluent. The thermal and physical rock properties used in our models are taken from previous studies. Bathymetry, fault-controlled fluid flow velocities, and temperature distribution patterns for the Central Basin and Western High in the Sea of Marmara are simulated and presented. Effects of faults, thickness of sediments, and hydrostatic pressure due to the water column thickness on fluid flow are demonstrated. Driving mechanisms of the fluid flow are also discussed. It is found that both seafloor bathymetry and presence of faults can control the location and distribution of fluid emissions at the seafloor.