Abstract
Magnetic properties of Fe-Ni alloys have been investigated for both fcc and bcc structures on the basis of the finite-temperature theory of local-environment effects (LEE). The temperature and concentration dependencies of various local moments, susceptibilities, and the internal-field distribution function have been calculated. The results are analyzed from the viewpoint of the LEE. The magnetic phase diagram obtained explains the experimental results well; the bcc alloys show a stable ferromagnetism while the fcc has a ferromagnetic instability at about 65 at. % Fe. In particular, the spin-glass state in the fcc phase is theoretically obtained for the first time on the basis of the itinerant-electron model. It is shown to be a new type of itinerant-electron spin glass which arises from the nonlinearity of the magnetic couplings between Fe local moments. The theory predicts also an asymmetric divergence of the high-field susceptibility around the ferromagnetic instability in the fcc lattice.
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