Finite nilpotent groups that coincide with their 2-closures in all of their faithful permutation representations

Abstract

Let [Formula: see text] be any group and [Formula: see text] be a subgroup of [Formula: see text] for some set [Formula: see text]. The [Formula: see text]-closure of [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text], denoted by [Formula: see text], is by definition, [Formula: see text] The group [Formula: see text] is called [Formula: see text]-closed on [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text]. We say that a group [Formula: see text] is a totally[Formula: see text]-closed group if [Formula: see text] for any set [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text]. Here we show that the center of any finite totally 2-closed group is cyclic and a finite nilpotent group is totally 2-closed if and only if it is cyclic or a direct product of a generalized quaternion group with a cyclic group of odd order.