Abstract
Investigating the effects of mechanical stimuli on stem cells under in vitro and in vivo conditions is a very important issue to reach better control on cellular responses like growth, proliferation, and differentiation. In this regard, studying the effects of scaffold geometry, steady, and transient fluid flow, as well as influence of different locations of the cells lodged on the scaffold on effective mechanical stimulations of the stem cells are of the main goals of this study. For this purpose, collagen-based scaffolds and implicit surfaces of the pore architecture was used. In this study, computational fluid dynamics and fluid-structure interaction method was used for the computational simulation. The results showed that the scaffold microstructure and the pore architecture had an essential effect on accessibility of the fluid to different portions of the scaffold. This leads to the optimization of shear stress and hydrodynamic pressure in different surfaces of the scaffold for better transportation of oxygen and growth factors as well as for optimized mechanoregulative responses of cell–scaffold interactions. Furthermore, the results indicated that the HP scaffold provides more optimizer surfaces to culture stem cells rather than Gyroid and IWP scaffolds. The results of exerting oscillatory fluid flow into the HP scaffold showed that the whole surface of the HP scaffold expose to the shear stress between 0.1 and 40 mPa and hydrodynamics factors on the scaffold was uniform. The results of this study could be used as an aid for experimentalists to choose optimist fluid flow conditions and suitable situation for cell culture.
Highlights
Today, some researchers are concerned about providing alternatives to damaged organs and tissues of patients; since it has been observed in some cases that the use of Usually Manufacturing of controlled microstructure of scaffolds cannot be attained unless by using of the 3Dbioprinting technology [5]
To distinguish fluid flow hydrodynamic characteristics near the faces of the scaffolds on which the stem cells are normally lodged, values of wall shear rate and hydrodynamic pressure in the scaffold have been obtained. These results provide an opportunity to find the reasonable areas in a scaffold that could offer optimum microenvironment for the cultured cells and may lead to control the hydrodynamic characteristics that could affect the results of an in vitro experiment
The results of the Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis showed that based on the flow streamlines, oxygen and nutrition delivery to different portions of the Gyroid scaffold is very similar to the HP scaffold
Summary
Some researchers are concerned about providing alternatives to damaged organs and tissues of patients; since it has been observed in some cases that the use of Usually Manufacturing of controlled microstructure of scaffolds cannot be attained unless by using of the 3Dbioprinting technology [5]. Location of the scaffold in the bioreactor the old method of salt leaching and can provide a more uniform cell population in it [5, 6]. These scaffolds are capable of providing reasonable amounts of shear stress resulted from fluid flow and proper situation for nutrition and oxygenation in different regions of the scaffold. In the study conducted by Melchels et al [7] effect of gradient porosity of the scaffold on the cells attached to the scaffold surfaces have been investigated. Results of this study showed that distribution of the cells, population in a scaffold with invariant porosity is uniform but in the gradient porosity scaffold, a variable distribution of cell population can be seen
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
