Abstract
This paper describes a one-dimensional finite element approach using the method of weighted residuals for the solution of mass oscillations in a surge tank following sudden opening of the valve. At the instant the valve is opened an allowance is made for some flow from the supply tunnel, in addition to that from the surge tank. The theory is, therefore, only altered for the initial conditions by expressing the flow along the tunnel as a percentage of the flow in the penstock. Comparison is made with the experimental result for the maximum downsurge observed in a simple model surge tank.
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