Abstract
A finite element model is presented which simulates the tunnel construction process, and deformation and stress characteristics, in the surrounding rock during its operation stage. The pore water pressure and distribution law of leakage in the surrounding rock are calculated by considering the effect of groundwater. The results show that during the process of excavation, the surrounding rock undergoes a small degree of stress relief, and relatively low tensile stresses appear locally at the bottom of tunnel vaults and inverts. As tunnel leakage decreases, there is a time-dependent decrease in pore water pressure. However, stress in the supporting structures increases, and displacement and deformation in the surrounding rock increases as leakage continues.
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