Abstract
In this paper, a thermo-mechanical analysis of shape memory polyurethane foams (SMPUFs) with aiding of a finite element model (FEM) for treating cerebral aneurysms (CAs) is introduced. Since the deformation of foam cells is extremely difficult to observe experimentally due to their small size, a structural cell-assembly model is established in this work via finite element modeling to examine all-level deformation details. Representative volume elements of random equilateral Kelvin open-cell microstructures are adopted for the cell foam. Also, a user-defined material subroutine (UMAT) is developed based on a thermo-visco-elastic constitutive model for SMPUFs, and implemented in the ABAQUS software package. The model is able to capture thermo-mechanical responses of SMPUFs for a full shape memory thermodynamic cycle. One of the latest treatments of CAs is filling the inside of aneurysms with SMPUFs. The developed FEM is conducted on patient-specific basilar aneurysms treated by SMPUFs. Three sizes of foams are selected for the filling inside of the aneurysm and then governing boundary conditions and loadings are applied to the foams. The results of the distribution of stress and displacement in the absence and presence of the foam are compared. Due to the absence of similar results in the specialized literature, this paper is likely to fill a gap in the state of the art of this problem and provide pertinent results that are instrumental in the design of SMPUFs for treating CAs.
Highlights
A Cerebral Aneurysm (CA) is a weak or thin spot on an artery in the brain that balloons or bulges out and fills with blood
The main features of shape memory polymer (SMP) foams under the shape memory cycle were captured based on the thermo-visco-elastic constitutive model
The model was able to capture the thermo-mechanical response of SMP foams for a shape memory cycle
Summary
A Cerebral Aneurysm (CA) is a weak or thin spot on an artery in the brain that balloons or bulges out and fills with blood. Shape memory polyurethane foams (SMPUFs) are being chosen as the best materials for filling and occluding the aneurysms (Ortega et al 2013). Researchers at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) presented a way of filling these materials because of the high deformation ability of foam proportional to temperature changes (Basheer et al 2003). During this method, a piece of SMPUF is sent inside the aneurysm by catheter. The transition temperature for filling the inside of an aneurysm should be in the range of 45–70 °C (Singhal et al 2014) These types of foams were synthesized by Mitsubishi Heavy Industry (Tobushi et al 2001a; b; Lendlein et al 2010). Finite element modeling of shape memory polyurethane foams for treatment of cerebral aneurysms.
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