Abstract

The intercalated disk (ID) is a specialized subcellular region that provides electrical and mechanical connections between myocytes in the heart. The ID has a well-defined passive role in cardiac tissue, transmitting mechanical forces and electrical currents between cells. Recent studies have shown that electrogenic ion channels and pumps are preferentially localized at the ID, particularly within nanodomains around mechanical junctions and gap junctions, which suggests that the ID may play a critical active role in generating and propagating cardiac action potentials.

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