Abstract
Bone drilling is an essential part of many orthopaedic surgery procedures, including those for internal fixation and for attaching prosthetics. Estimation and control of bone drilling forces are critical to prevent drill breakthrough, excessive heat generation, and mechanical damage to the bone. This paper presents a 3D finite element (FE) model for prediction of thrust forces experienced during bone drilling. The model incorporates the dynamic characteristics involved in the process along with the accurate geometrical considerations. The average critical thrust forces and torques obtained using FE analysis, for set of machining parameters are found to be in good agreement with the experimental results.
Highlights
In orthopaedic surgery, drilling and tapping are extensively carried out before the insertion of screws into bone
In order to allow a better comparison of the experimental and simulated thrust force and torque in drilling cortical bone, a feed of 150 mm/min was chosen from the experimental feed data with a spindle speed 800 rpm
The finite element (FE) simulations were carried out using these process parameters and later used to predict the thrust force and torque for other feed rates
Summary
In orthopaedic surgery, drilling and tapping are extensively carried out before the insertion of screws into bone. The desired outcome of bone drilling process is accurately positioned holes without mechanical and thermal damage to surrounding tissue. Drilling into bone is a fundamental skill that can be both very simple, such as drilling through long bones, or very difficult, such as drilling through the vertebral pedicles where incorrectly drilled holes can result in nerve damage, vascular damage or fractured pedicles [1,2]. Large uncontrolled forces experienced during bone drilling may result in drill breakthrough, imparting damage to surrounding tissue [3,4,5] and promote crack formation which could yield bone failure [6]. It is important to understand the effects of bone drilling conditions and material behaviour on the bone drilling forces to select favourable drilling conditions, and assist in robotic surgery procedures [3, 8]
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