Finite element method assisted design of needleless electrospinning systems for mass production of polymer nanofibers

Abstract

Geometry design of spinneret is highly associated with nanofiber production in needleless electrospinning technologies. Current free-liquid-surface spinnerets have disadvantages, including large air/solution contact surface area, uneven electric field and fiber diameter distribution, and poor stability of polymer solution, which prevents further industrial progress. This study presented a strategy from design to simulation and experiment to develop a novel annular slit needleless electrospinning system. The effects of spinneret geometries on electric field distribution and strength were discussed by the finite element method. Numerous experiments were carried out to verify the feasibility of annular slit electrospinning. Main process parameters including solution concentration, applied voltage, and airflow velocity were studied by the response surface method. This novel needleless electrospinning apparatus shows great potential for producing nanofibers on an industrial scale.