Abstract
A computational fluid dynamics program was used to simulate liquid flow through an ultraviolet (UV) reactor. Salt tracer tests were performed at different flow rates to validate results from the program. Temporal and spatial descriptions of particle trajectories from the flow model were used to quantify flow pathways through the UV reactor. Particle trajectory information was then used in a separate numerical program to estimate temporal distribution of particles exiting the domain during discrete time steps for the flow solution. From these data, the exit time for particles transported through the modeled flow domain were compared with experimental tracer results. At low flow rates, the simulation results were within 95% confidence intervals established from the experimental data. At higher flow rates, the simulation results tended to predict a shorter exit time for particles than that observed experimentally with salt tracer studies. The results of this research can be used to compare UV disinfection efficacy on low transmission liquids without the need for extensive experiments or construction of prototypes.
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