Abstract
A numerical technique for simulating incompressible viscous flow with free surface is presented. The flow field was calculated by the penalty finite element formulation. In this work, a modified volume of fluid (VOF) method based on four node elements in 2D geometry was proposed for its compatibility with the irregular meshes generally used with the finite element method (FEM). Numerical analyses were done for two benchmark examples, namely the broken dam problem and the solitary wave propagation problem. The numerical results showed close agreement with the existing data. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed numerical scheme, mold filling process was studied.
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