Finite element analysis of a human temporomandibular joint disc: Preliminary results

Abstract

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is an important joint that plays a paramount role during the mandibular movement. TMJ disc is an essential component in the normal TMJ, interposed between the mandibular condyle and temporal fossa with the following functions: it distributes the intra-articular load, stabilizes the joints during translation and decreases the wear of the articular surface. The mechanical behaviour study of this element is therefore essential to provide alternative solutions when its replacement becomes essential. The aim of this study is to present a preliminary three dimensional mechanical model to study the stresses distributions at TMJ disc and to provide an efficient tool as an alternative to experimental preclinical studies. The human mandibular condyle, the TMJ disc and the temporal fossa were considered to build the finite element model; additionally, two types of connections were used between the disc and the bone simulating the retrodiscal tissue and lateral pterygoid muscle: frictionless and bonded. At this stage, the elastic behaviour of materials was taken into account. Results show that the computed von Mises stresses are in accordance with previous studies.