Abstract
Energy efficiency and leakage magnetic field (LMF) are two important issues in electric vehicle inductive chargers. In this work, the maximum achievable coil efficiency and the corresponding LMF strength are formulated as functions of system parameters, and figures of merits (FOM) are proposed for assessing the efficiency and LMF performance of the coil assembly pair. The impacts of the coil assemblies’ geometric parameters on both FOMs are examined with the aid of finite element analysis (FEA), and measures to improve the FOMs are suggested based on FEA results. A manual optimization process is conducted on a coil assembly pair. Compared with the initial design, the optimized one results in a higher DC-to-DC efficiency and lower LMF strength while consuming less copper. The performance improvement is verified by FEA results and experimental data measured on an 85 kHz electric vehicle inductive charger prototype. The key measures for coil assembly optimization are summarized.
Highlights
Two figures of merits (FOM) are proposed for evaluating the performance of coil assemblies applied in electric vehicle inductive charging applications
The impacts of the main geometric parameters on both FOMs are examined with the aid of finite element analysis
A manual optimization procedure is conducted based on the qualitative rules extracted from finite element analysis (FEA)
Summary
Assemblies Applied in ElectricEfficiency improvement [1] and leakage magnetic field (LMF) suppression [2] are two important issues in inductive power transfer (IPT) systems, e.g., electric vehicle inductive chargers. The fundamental principle of IPT is to utilize the conversion between electrical energy and magnetic energy as a means of transmitting power over an air gap. Such a conversion is realized via a pair of coil assemblies, one on the transmitter (TX) side and the other on the receiver (RX) side; the design of the coil assembly pair greatly influences the system performance. The simplest coil assembly pair consists of two singlewinding circular coils having a spiral, rectangular or square shape. Multi-winding coils are proposed to enhance the performance from certain aspects, examples of which include the DD coil [3], the DDQ coil [4] and the solenoidal coil [5].
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