Abstract
We consider an extension of the t-U Hubbard model taking into account new interactions between the numbers of up and down electrons. We confine ourselves to a one-dimensional open chain with L sites (4L states) and derive the effective Hamiltonian in the strong repulsion (large U) regime. This Hamiltonian acts on 3L states. We show that the spectrum of the latter Hamiltonian (not the degeneracies) coincides with the spectrum of the anisotropic Heisenberg chain (XX Z model) in the presence of a Z field (2L states). The wave functions of the 3L-state system are obtained explicitly from those of the 2L-state system, and the degeneracies can be understood in terms of irreducible representations of [Formula: see text].
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