Abstract
Fingerprints have been the gold standard for personal identification within the forensic community for more than one hundred years. It is still universal in spite of discovery of DNA fingerprint. The science of fingerprint identification has evolved over time from the early use of finger prints to mark business transactions in ancient Babylonia to their use today as core technology in biometric security devices and as scientific evidence in courts of law throughout the world. The science of fingerprints, dactylography or dermatoglyphics, had long been widely accepted, and well acclaimed and reputed as panacea for individualization, particularly in forensic investigations. Human fingerprints are detailed, unique, difficult to alter, and durable over the life of an individual, making them suitable as lifelong markers of human identity. Fingerprints can be readily used by police or other authorities to identify individuals who wish to conceal their identity, or to identify people who are incapacitated or deceased, as in the aftermath of a natural disasterJ Enam Med Col 2017; 7(1): 29-34
Highlights
Dactylography is a progressing science and a new method for recording, lifting and developing of prints under different field conditions appearing regularly.[1]
A fingerprint in its narrow sense is an impression left by the friction ridges of a human finger.[2,3,4,5]
The fingerprint system is based on the principle that the skin of the balls of the fingers and thumbs is covered with ridges and grooves; the pattern of which varies between individuals and makes absolute identification possible.[6]
Summary
Dactylography is a progressing science and a new method for recording, lifting and developing of prints under different field conditions appearing regularly.[1]. Even identical twins do not have identical fingerprints.[8] The basis for this statement rests in human embryology and genetics, beginning during fetal development.[9] In the case of criminals, impressions of all the digits of both hands are taken and preserved by the police for further identification.[10]
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