Fine-Tuning BERT Based Approach for Multi-Class Sentiment Analysis on Twitter Emotion Data

Abstract

Tweets are difficult to classify due to their simplicity and frequent use of non-standard orthodoxy or slang words. Although several studies have identified highly accurate sentiment data classifications, most have not been tested on Twitter data. Previous research on sentiment interpretation focused on binary or ternary sentiments in monolingual texts. However, emotions emerge in bilingual and multilingual texts. The emotions expressed in today's social media, including microblogs, are different. We use a dataset that combines everyday dialogue, easy and emotional stimulation to carry out the algorithm to create a balanced dataset with five labels: joy, sad, anger, fear, and neutral. This entails the preparation of datasets and conventional machine learning models. We categorized tweets using the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) language model but are pre-trained in plain text instead of tweets using BERT Transfer Learning (TensorFlow Keras). In this paper we use the HuggingFace’s transformers library to fine-tune pretrained BERT model for a classification task which is termed as modified (M-BERT). Our modified (M-BERT) model is an average F1-score of 97.63% in all of our taxonomy, which leaves more space for change, is our modified (M-BERT) model. We show that the dual use of an F1-score as a combination of M-BERT and Machine Learning methods increases classification accuracy by 24.92%. as related to baseline BERT model.