Abstract
The capitulum in the female ixodid camel tick, Hyalomma (Hyalomma) dromedarii Koch, extends anteriorly from the basis capituli and is surrounded laterally with a pair of four-segmented palpi. The capitulum consists of a pair of dorsal chelicerae and a single, ventral hypostome provided with posteriorly directed teeth. The cheliceral anteroventral surface and the dorsal hypostomal channel form the buccal canal, which leads to the salivarium posterodorsally and to the X-shaped, cuticular pharynx posteroventrally. Alae and dilator muscles are attached to the pharynx. This extends into the body cavity as a tubular esophagus that penetrates the central ganglion to the midgut. The esophageal wall consists of a folded, nonsecretory epithelial layer lined with a thick cuticular layer and surrounded by an amorphous, branched basal lamina and a well-developed muscle layer. The latter consists of longitudinal and circular muscle fibrils.
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