Fine needle sclerotherapy as a new effective therapeutic approach for nonparasitic splenic cysts: A case series

Abstract

Nonparasitic splenic cysts are rare. Until now, surgical intervention has been the standard therapy of symptomatic splenic cysts. We herein present a retrospective analysis of an approach using percutaneous ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration and sclerotherapy. Out of 88,151 ultrasound reports, we identified 138 patients who presented with splenic cysts. A single splenic cyst was found in 88% (mean size 28.9 mm). Twelve patients underwent percutaneous therapy of symptomatic splenic cysts. They were younger, had larger splenic cysts and more often cyst internal echoes than the 126 untreated patients (all p < 0.0001). Initial sclerotherapy was performed with polidocanol 1% in 9 patients and with NaCl 10% in 2 patients. One hemorrhagic cyst was only purged. Serious adverse events were not noted. Eight patients had to undergo 1-11 further percutaneous cyst therapies. 15 of these 30 reinterventions were cyst aspiration therapies, only, and 11 of them were sclerotherapies with NaCl 10%. Four patients were readmitted to hospital for cyst retreatment. After 57 ± 43 months of follow-up, cyst size significantly decreased (p < 0.0001). Only two patients had a complicated course of cyst therapy. Percutaneous ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy is a new approach for symptomatic splenic cysts. In most patients, cyst size and symptoms can be significantly reduced during one hospital stay.