Abstract
Rhizosphere fungi have the beneficial functions of promoting plant growth and protecting plants from pests and pathogens. In our preliminary study, rhizosphere fungus JP-NJ4 was obtained from the soil rhizosphere of Pinus massoniana and selected for further analyses to confirm its functions of phosphate solubilization and plant growth promotion. In order to comprehensively investigate the function of this strain, it is necessary to ascertain its taxonomic position. With the help of genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition (GCPSR) using five genes/regions (ITS, BenA, CaM, RPB1, and RPB2) as well as macro-morphological and micro-morphological characters, we accurately determined the classification status of strain JP-NJ4. The concatenated phylogenies of five (or four) gene regions and single gene phylogenetic trees (ITS, BenA, CaM, RPB1, and RPB2 genes) all show that strain JP-NJ4 clustered together with Talaromyces brevis and Talaromyces liani, but differ markedly in the genetic distance (in BenA gene) from type strain and multiple collections of T. brevis and T. liani. The morphology of JP-NJ4 largely matches the characteristics of genes Talaromyces, and the rich and specific morphological information provided by its colonies was different from that of T. brevis and T. liani. In addition, strain JP-NJ4 could produce reduced conidiophores consisting of solitary phialides. From molecular and phenotypic data, strain JP-NJ4 was identified as a putative novel Talaromyces fungal species, designated T. nanjingensis.
Highlights
Rhizosphere fungi play roles in promoting plant growth and protecting plants from pests and pathogens
From the molecular and phenotypic data, it can be inferred that the strain JP-NJ4 belongs to Talaromyces
With the help of concatenated phylogenetic trees based on five gene regions, including the internal transcribed spacer region, BenA, CaM, RPB1, and RPB2, we investigated the taxonomic position of strain JP-NJ4
Summary
Rhizosphere fungi play roles in promoting plant growth and protecting plants from pests and pathogens. Comparing ITS, BenA, CaM, RPB1, and RPB2 sequences from a suspected new species with sequences of the same markers in related species can help to determine whether a species is new via genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition (GCPSR) [23] This approach, which involved multigene phylogeny, morphological descriptions using macro-morphological and micromorphological characters and analysis of extrolites, has been used to develop the polyphasic species concept of filamentous fungi such as Penicillium and Talaromyces. After reviewing the literature and observing the characteristics of fungus JP-NJ4, this strain was identified and described by referring to the standard research method (GCPSR) recommended in previous international research on filamentous fungal species such as Penicillium and Talaromyces, etc
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