Abstract
Turnip yellows virus (TuYV), transmitted by Myzus persicae, can be controlled in rapeseed fields by insecticide treatments. However, the recent ban of the neonicotinoids together with the description of pyrethrinoid-resistant aphids has weakened insecticide-based control methods available to farmers. Since the deployment of insecticides in the 1980s, few research efforts were made to breed for rapeseed cultivars resistant to aphid-borne viral diseases. Thus, only few rapeseed cultivars released in Europe were reported to be TuYV-resistant, and the resistance phenotype of these cultivars was poorly characterized. In this study, several epidemiological parameters (infection rate, latency period, etc.) associated to the TuYV-resistance of the cv. Architect were estimated. Results showed a partial resistance phenotype for plants inoculated at the 2-/4-leaves stages and a resistance phenotype for plants inoculated at a more advanced growing stage. Moreover, analysis of infected plants highlighted (i) a poor quality of infected cv. Architect as a source of virus for transmission and (ii) an extended latency period for infected plants. Thus, dynamics of virus spread in the field should to be slower for Architect compared to susceptible rapeseed cultivars, which should lead to the maintenance of a higher proportion of healthy plants in the field.
Highlights
Most of the steps leading to virus infection of a susceptible host are possible thanks to the hijacking of the host’s cellular machinery by the virus
Since the deployment of insecticides in the 1980s, few research efforts were made to breed for rapeseed cultivars resistant to aphid-borne viral diseases
Only few rapeseed cultivars released in Europe were reported to be Turnip yellows virus (TuYV)-resistant, and the resistance phenotype of these cultivars was poorly characterized
Summary
Most of the steps leading to virus infection of a susceptible host are possible thanks to the hijacking of the host’s cellular machinery by the virus. Strategies have been developed to limit or to prevent the entry of viral entities into the compatible cellular environment of a susceptible host, and to block the infectious process at its early steps These methods include the modification of growing practices (e.g., optimization of sowing dates [1,2] and management of volunteers [3]), the use of chemicals (e.g., insecticides for insect-borne viral diseases [4]), mineral oils, or bio-control products (e.g., plant extracts and micro-organisms [5]), and/or the use of genetic resources (i.e., resistant/tolerant cultivars [6]). Architect ([Limagrain], reported to be partially resistant to TuYV infection [25]) to determine whether and how these genotypes can participate in future strategies to control TuYV in a neonicotinoid-free agriculture
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