Findings From a Randomized Trial of Weight Gain Prevention Among Overweight Puerto Rican Young Adults

Abstract

ObjectiveAssess impact of multimodality weight gain prevention intervention. MethodsRandomized clinical trial among 39 overweight young Puerto Rico college students using 10 weekly peer-support sessions promoting dietary, physical activity, and other lifestyle changes enhanced by stress-reduction and mindfulness approaches. Body mass index (BMI) and self-reported behaviors were measured at baseline and at 10 weeks and 6 months after baseline. ResultsAt the completion of the intervention, BMIs in the experimental arm were 0.8 units lower than at baseline (z = –3.0; P = .008) and 1.2 lower at 6 months after baseline (z = –4.1; P < .001); BMIs in the control arm were 0.7 higher (z = 2.7; P = .02) at 10 weeks and 0.8 higher at 6 months (z = 3.1; P = .005). Group × time interaction confirmed that BMI differed significantly over time between arms (χ2 = 26.9; degrees of freedom = 2; P < .001). Analysis of behavioral changes was mostly inconclusive although the experimental arm reported a considerable increase in walking at 10 weeks. Qualitative data suggested that yoga and mindfulness components were particularly useful for motivating participants to maintain healthier lifestyle patterns. ConclusionsBody mass index in the experimental arm decreased at the end of intervention and was maintained at 6 months’ follow-up.