FINDING THE SIZE OF PRESSURE FORCE ON UNDERWATER HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES IN DESIGN AND AGRICULTURAL TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS

Abstract

The article presents the results of scientific analytical studies that provide finding the pressure force on underwater hydraulic structures, such as, dams of hydroelectric power stations, sedimentation tanks for liquid organic fertilizers, sewage, coastal fortifications of lakes, rivers, ponds, etc. Practical experience in industrial and pedagogical activity and the analysis of inventive and scientific research of domestic as well as foreign scientists showed that constructive, technological and economic feasibility, operational safety of underwater hydraulic structures requires further analytical and calculation studies based on mathematical optimization methods. Of particular great scientific interest are the achievements of Chinese scientists. Their achievements from the calculation, design, construction and operation of hydraulic structures of small and large hydroelectric power stations are recognized by scientists, designers and manufacturers in the world. The work is based on research aimed at the mathematical justification of the parameters of a rectangular and trapezoidal airlock and a circular hatch, which is located at an arbitrary, optimally justified depth. It was taken into account that new students are enrolled in universities annually for training, they need to obtain knowledge based on the strength of the structures of objects with the use of innovative techniques based on the fundamental mathematical apparatus. The formation of professional competencies of agricultural engineers should ensure the ability to apply in their work the theoretical foundations and basic methods of physics and mathematics, hydrostatics, dynamics, fluid mechanics for the calculation and design of technical objects, and, of course, underwater hydraulic structures. Agroengineers should be able to perform strength calculations on the walls of tanks of any geometric profiles for storing liquids, as well as side walls and bottoms of hydraulic structures, bodies located in liquids.