Abstract
Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) became common procedures in the corrective phase of periodontal treatment. In order to obtain good quality tissue neo-formation, most techniques require the use of a membrane that will act as a barrier, having as a main purpose the blocking of cell invasion from the gingival epithelium and connective tissue into the newly formed bone structure. Different techniques and materials have been developed, aiming to obtain the perfect barrier membrane. The membranes can be divided according to the biodegradability of the base material into absorbable membranes and non-absorbable membranes. The use of absorbable membranes is extremely widespread due to their advantages, but in clinical situations of significant tissue loss, the use of non-absorbable membranes is often still preferred. This descriptive review presents a synthesis of the types of barrier membranes available and their characteristics, as well as future trends in the development of barrier membranes along with some allergological aspects of membrane use.
Highlights
Periodontitis is an infectious disease, often of multifactorial etiology, in which the perio-pathogenic bacterial biofilm plays an important role
As both expanded PTFE (e-PTFE) and density PTFE (d-PTFE) had reduced mechanical stiffness, titanium mesh was introduced into their structure; this mesh or reinforcement is malleable for good adaptation to the receiving site [7]
If the patient develops an immediate allergic reaction, which occurs in a few minutes, it would require a prior sensitization of the patient so that he already has cellular memory, with a specific IgE dosage, such as the situation of another implant, and not necessarily in the dental field or for the patient to work in an industry that uses titanium or other metals invoked in biomembranes
Summary
Periodontitis is an infectious disease, often of multifactorial etiology, in which the perio-pathogenic bacterial biofilm plays an important role. In the evolution of periodontitis, through the aggressive action of bacterial factors in the context of hyper-inflammatory status, there is a gradual destruction of the supporting periodontal tissues: periodontal ligaments, cementum and alveolar bone. To address this issue, periodontal therapy has evolved over time through regenerative therapy surgical methods that include guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and bone regeneration (GBR) techniques. FeE-P: eTxFpEa:nedxe-d ppanoldyetdetrpaoflluyotertoreatfhluyolernoet;hdy-lPeTnFeE; :dh-PigThFdEe: nhsiigtyh pdoelnytseityraflpuoloyrtoeetrthafyluleonreo;ePthLyAle: npeo;lyPlaLcAti:cpaocildyl;aPcGticA: acpiodl;yPgGlaAct:icpoalcyigdl;aPctCicLa: cpidol;yPcCapLr: oploalcytcoanper;oPlaLcGtoAn:ep; PoLlyG-lAac:tpico-lcyo--lgaclyticco-clioc-galcyidcoPliLcCacLi:dpPoLlyC-Lla:cptiocl-yc-olaccatpicr-ocloa-cctaopnreoalaccidto.ne acid Another classification of barrier membranes includes the first generation of membranes (non-absorbable), second generation (absorbable) and third generation (membranes as a product of tissue engineering) [14]. This review proposes a synthesis of the types of barrier membranes available and their characteristics; in addition, this paper presents future trends in the development of the field of barrier membranes, as well as some allergological aspects of membrane usage
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