Abstract
The Terrestrial Photogrammetry Scanner (TEPHOS) offers the possibility to precisely monitor linear erosion features using the Structure from Motion (SfM) technique. This is a static, multi-camera array and dynamically moves the digital videoframe camera designed to obtain 3-D models of rills before and after the runoff experiments. The main goals were to (1) obtain better insight into the rills; (2) reduce the technical gaps generated during the runoff experiments using only one camera; (3) enable the visual location of eroded, transported and accumulated material. In this study, we obtained a mean error for all pictures reaching up to 0.00433 pixels and every single one of them was under 0.15 pixel. So, we obtained an error of about 1/10th of the maximum possible resolution. A conservative value for the overall accuracy was one pixel, which means that, in our case, the accuracy was 0.0625 mm. The point density, in our example, reached 29,484,888 pts/m2. It became possible to get a glimpse of the hotspots of sidewall failure and rill-bed incision. We conclude that the combination of both approaches—rill experiment and 3D models—will make easy under laboratory conditions to describe the soil erosion processes accurately in a mathematical–physical way.
Highlights
Soil loss is one of the most important causes of land degradation processes, which generates a loss of soil fertility and biodiversity in both natural and anthropogenic soils [1,2,3,4]
We developed the Terrestrial Photogrammetry Scanner (TEPHOS)
We proposed the Structure from Motion photogrammetry to achieve this goal and, in addition, the development of a device optimised for terrestrial-based photogrammetry
Summary
Soil loss is one of the most important causes of land degradation processes, which generates a loss of soil fertility and biodiversity in both natural and anthropogenic soils [1,2,3,4]. Information about the exact volume of soil loss and morphological changes at the micro-pedon scale, which could help to assess which driving factor (e.g., rock fragments, biota or inclination) is acting more actively, is scarce This interpretation cannot be conducted using general rates such as sediment concentration or runoff coefficient, measurements pre- and post-experiments using meter-tapes or general pictures. The goals of this methodological approach were to (1) obtain better insight into the rill erosion processes; (2) reduce the technical gaps generated during the runoff experiments using only one camera; (3) enable the visual location of eroded, transported and accumulated material To achieve this goal, we developed the Terrestrial Photogrammetry Scanner (TEPHOS). We hypothesized that the resolution and the quality of the models during runoff experiments could be highly improved
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