Abstract
The goal of this paper to identify and discuss the basic issues of and solutions to parallel processing on clusters of workstations (COWs). Firstly, identification and expressing parallelism in application programs are discussed. The following approaches to finding and expressing parallelism are characterized: parallel programming languages, parallel programming tools, sequential programming supported by distributed shared memory (DSM), and parallelising compilers. Secondly, efficient management of available parallelism is discussed. As parallel execution requires an efficient management of processes and computational resources, a parallel execution environment proposed here is to be built based on a distributed operating system. This system, in order to allow parallel programs to achieve high performance and transparency, should provide services such as global scheduling, process migration, local and remote process creation, computation coordination, group communication and distributed shared memory.
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