Abstract
Over the last ten years, the incidence of the pathology of the bronchus-pulmonary system in children has increased 3.6 times, mainly due to acute and recurrent inflammatory diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract. Thus, the problem of identifying children with recurrent episodes of acute obstructive bronchitis and an increased risk of developing asthma is relevant and promising. The goal of this study was to find molecular genetic markers associated with increased susceptibility of children to repeated episodes of acute obstructive bronchitis. The molecular genetic testing of the IL4 gene of a single nucleotide polymorphism C-33T was performed in 35 children with recurrent episodes of acute obstructive bronchitis and 35 children with acute bronchitis. The results were statistically processed on a personal computer with the calculation of values the arithmetic mean (M), of the errors arithmetic mean (m), Student criterion (t), the degree of probability (p), Pearson criterion (χ2), and the odds ratio (OR). Statistically significant differences were figured at p<0.01 and p<0.05. It has been proved that the presence of a child’s genotype 33CT IL4 increases the risk of recurrent acute obstructive bronchitis four times.
Highlights
Diseases of respiratory disease among children from 0 to 14 years represented 25.0% of the total number of pediatric consultations [1]
Uncontrolled inflammation in the bronchi with repeated episodes of acute obstructive bronchitis eventually leads to reduced lung function, physiological-pathological consequences in the form of structural damage remodeling bronchus involving the alveoli, which in turn leads to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma [2, 10,11,12]
There is no consensus on the reliable prediction of markers of asthma in a child suffering from recurrent episodes of acute obstructive bronchitis, the boundary between these diseases is quite subjective [13, 14]
Summary
Diseases of respiratory disease among children from 0 to 14 years represented 25.0% of the total number of pediatric consultations [1]. Analysis of lung function and the level of nitric oxide in exhaled air is considered a high informative marker of asthma, but, these studies are not feasible in children under 6 years of age [15] At this time, it is known that within each population of individuals, there are hereditary variations in the Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence called polymorphisms, which occur in the human genome at a frequency of 1 per 1.000 base pairs. Some researchers have shown the association of these polymorphisms with the development of atopic asthma, obstructive pulmonary disease, nasal polyposis In this manner, the IL4 gene is directly involved in the regulation of immune response
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