Abstract
Abstract. The situation on the market of bank crediting of agricultural enterprises is analysed. Have been identified the key reasons for the low efficiency of the current mechanism of lending by banks to the agro-industrial sector. The key shortcomings in the system of financing the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex are revealed. The investment attractiveness in Ukraine is considered and specified in the dynamics by regions. The volumes of financing the activity of agro-industrial enterprises in Ukraine by sources of income are analysed. It is proved that effective financing opens wide opportunities for the development of enterprises in the agricultural sector. In the study general and specific economic methods, as well as a basic research approach, which allowed us to determine the economic nature of the financial sector and the scope of financing of agricultural enterprises are used. The financial instruments of the agricultural enterprise use of which will promote the achievement of the European standards are offered. Scientifically substantiated recommendations on the directions of application in Ukraine of the international experience of stimulation of the financial activity of subjects of the agro-industrial complex are entered. In developed countries, a rich arsenal of support tools is used to support financial activities in the agro-industrial complex. A list of the most common tools for such support used in developed countries is given. It is noted that the solution of problems of financial support for the development of the agro-industrial complex should be carried out on the basis of studying, generalizing, and taking into account the best international experience. The world experience of financing the agricultural sector of the economy and the peculiarities of the distribution of state subventions for the development of agricultural production are studied. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is represented by a set of theoretical and practical aspects of the study, namely proposals for the current state of lending to agriculture and recommendations for the use of new financial instruments in the context of the implementation of international experience. Keywords: crediting, financial sector, agro-industrial complex, international experience. JEL Classification Q14 Formulas: 0; fig.: 5; tabl.: 2; bibl.: 16.
Highlights
The development of the agro-industrial complex is one of the main factors in the rapid and effective integration of Ukraine into the international economic community
This is due to the fact that in the process of research it is possible to study the experience of leading countries and on this basis to carry out the formation and implementation of financial support for investment activities in the agro-industrial complex, avoiding possible risks
Foreign experience shows that each country in the process of forming financial sources uses a variety of financing instruments
Summary
Ⱥɧɨɬɚɰɿɹ. ɉɪɨɚɧɚɥɿɡɨɜɚɧɨ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɿɸ ɧɚ ɪɢɧɤɭ ɛɚɧɤɿɜɫɶɤɨɝɨ ɤɪɟɞɢɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɫɿɥɶɫɶɤɨɝɨɫɩɨɞɚɪɫɶɤɢɯ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɫɬɜ. ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɤɥɸɱɨɜɿ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɢ ɧɢɡɶɤɨʀ ɟɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɱɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɯɚɧɿɡɦɭ ɤɪɟɞɢɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɛɚɧɤɚɦɢ ɚɝɪɨɩɪɨɦɢɫɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɭ. ȼɢɹɜɥɟɧɨ ɤɥɸɱɨɜɿ ɧɟɞɨɥɿɤɢ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɿ ɮɿɧɚɧɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɫɬɜ ɚɝɪɨɩɪɨɦɢɫɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɭ. Ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɤɥɸɱɨɜɿ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɢ ɧɢɡɶɤɨʀ ɟɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɱɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɯɚɧɿɡɦɭ ɤɪɟɞɢɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɛɚɧɤɚɦɢ ɚɝɪɨɩɪɨɦɢɫɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɭ. Ȼɢɹɜɥɟɧɨ ɤɥɸɱɨɜɿ ɧɟɞɨɥɿɤɢ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɿ ɮɿɧɚɧɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɫɬɜ ɚɝɪɨɩɪɨɦɢɫɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɭ. Ɉɪɨɚɧɚɥɿɡɨɜɚɧɨ ɨɛɫɹɝɢ ɮɿɧɚɧɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɫɬɜ ȺɉɄ ɜ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɿ ɡɚ ɞɠɟɪɟɥɚɦɢ ɧɚɞɯɨɞɠɟɧɧɹ. ɳɨ ɟɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɟ ɮɿɧɚɧɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɜɿɞɤɪɢɜɚɽ ɲɢɪɨɤɿ ɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ ɞɥɹ ɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭ ɩɿɞɩɪɢɽɦɫɬɜ ɚɝɪɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɭ. Ȼɧɟɫɟɧɨ ɧɚɭɤɨɜɨ ɨɛʉɪɭɧɬɨɜɚɧɿ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɿʀ ɳɨɞɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɦɿɜ ɡɚɫɬɨɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɜ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɿ ɦɿɠɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɫɜɿɞɭ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɸɜɚɧɧɹ ɮɿɧɚɧɫɨɜɨʀ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɫɭɛ’ɽɤɬɿɜ ɚɝɪɨɩɪɨɦɢɫɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɭ. Ɍ ɪɨɡɜɢɧɭɬɢɯ ɤɪɚʀɧɚɯ ɞɥɹ ɩɿɞɬɪɢɦɤɢ ɮɿɧɚɧɫɨɜɨʀ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɜ ɚɝɪɨɩɪɨɦɢɫɥɨɜɨɦɭ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɿ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɛɚɝɚɬɢɣ ɚɪɫɟɧɚɥ ɿɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɿɜ ɩɿɞɬɪɢɦɤɢ. ɳɨ ɪɨɡɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɮɿɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɟɧɧɹ ɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭ ɚɝɪɨɩɪɨɦɢɫɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɭ ɞɨɰɿɥɶɧɨ ɡɞɿɣɫɧɸɜɚɬɢ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɿ ɜɢɜɱɟɧɧɹ, ɭɡɚɝɚɥɶɧɟɧɧɹ i ɜɪɚɯɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɤɪɚɳɨɝɨ ɦɿɠɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɫɜɿɞɭ. Ɇɚɭɤɨɜɚ ɧɨɜɢɡɧɚ ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɢɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɿɜ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɫɭɤɭɩɧɿɫɬɸ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɿ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɿɜ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ, ɚ ɫɚɦɟ ɩɪɨɩɨɡɢɰɿɹɦɢ ɳɨɞɨ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɭ ɤɪɟɞɢɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ȺɉɄ ɿ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɿɹɦɢ ɳɨɞɨ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɧɨɜɢɯ ɮɿɧɚɧɫɨɜɢɯ ɿɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɿɜ ɭ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɿ ɿɦɩɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɰɿʀ ɦɿɠɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɫɜɿɞɭ.
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