Filters for the Preconcentration of Elements from Solutions

Abstract

The main techniques for the preconcentration of elements on thin-layer filters are considered: sorption on filters with noncovalently immobilized reagents, bonded groups, and “mechanically” fixed sorbents and the extraction of elements on filters as poorly soluble and polymeric forms previously formed in solution. The matrix of the filters is cellulose, synthetic polymers of the linear and branched structures, synthetic fibers, reversed-phase silica gels, foamed polyurethanes, etc. The variation of the nature of the bonded group or the reagent introduced into the solution, the matrix material, and the technique for the immobilization of groups provides the preconcentration of elements with regard to the peculiarities of test materials and the method for the subsequent determination of elements. Methods for the determination of elements in different samples including preconcentration on filters are considered.