Abstract
The objective of this study is to assess the filtering capability of porous asphalt pavement models and the quality of rainwater filtered by such models. Three slabs of porous asphalt mixtures and two models composed of porous layers that resulted in porous pavement structures were produced. Data were collected in two phases: using rainwater directly from the sky and then using stormwater runoff collected from a street. Parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, phosphorus, nitrite, aluminium, chromium, copper, zinc, and iron were measured. For both rainwater and stormwater runoff quality analyses, there was an increase in the concentration of the following parameters: phosphorus, iron, aluminium, zinc, nitrite, chromium, copper, and pH; there was no significant variation in the concentration of dissolved oxygen; and there was a decrease in ammonia in one of the models. However, the concentrations of only phosphorus and aluminium exceeded the limits established by the Brazilian National Environmental Council and National Water Agency for the use of non-potable water. The models were capable of filtering rainwater and stormwater runoff, and reducing the concentration of ammonia. It can be concluded that it is possible to collect stormwater runoff from porous asphalt surfaces and porous asphalt pavements. Porous asphalt pavements are able to filter out certain pollutants from stormwater runoff and rainwater, and were shown to be an alternative to supply rainwater for non-potable uses and to recharge the water table.
Highlights
The urbanization process and the disorganized occupation of urban centres to supply the needs of human beings have promoted the transformation of the environment, resulting in modifications and interferences in the ecosystems [1]
Porous asphalt pavements are designed to promote the infiltration of stormwater through the paving and base courses where it is filtered through the layers [1,4,6,7,8]
Figure infiltrated through the slabs into the box, as well as the average amount of rainwater infiltrated through infiltrated through the slabs into the box, as well as the average amount of rainwater infiltrated through the slabs
Summary
The urbanization process and the disorganized occupation of urban centres to supply the needs of human beings have promoted the transformation of the environment, resulting in modifications and interferences in the ecosystems [1]. The frequency and intensity of urban flood events, mainly when drainage systems are unable to completely drain urban stormwater runoff produced during intense rainfall, have been increasing [2,3,4] This scenario has led to the development of alternative techniques to increase the drainage capability of surfaces, such as the use of porous asphalt pavements [3,5,6,7]. The porous asphalt pavements comprise a dual function, i.e., as a stormwater runoff management practice and to support traffic loads These pavements can be composed of surface porous asphalt mixtures (open graded) over a permeable layer system (base and sub-base with course aggregate intercalated by a filter fabric) and the existing soil or subgrade material [18]. In New Zealand, these mixtures are specified with air voids varying from 20% to 30% [20]
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