Filter Gardens A Nature-Based Solution for Gray Water Treatment

Abstract

Purpose: Analyze the feasibility of implementing a filtering garden, as an alternative technology for gray water treatment. Theoretical framework: The lack of adequate sanitation can lead to the improper discharge of sewage into bodies of water, thus deteriorating the quality of the water available for supply. Built wetlands appear as a social technology, providing a possibility for advancement and universalization of basic sanitation, also in line with the Sustainable Development Goals of the UN 2030 Agenda. Method: Hypothetical-deductive approach and study of the potential and difficulties encountered in implementing a filter garden with subsurface drainage and horizontal flow, using unusual plants. The volume of water that entered the garden daily was observed and also the efficiency between the input and output of the COD, BOD, DO and dissolved solids parameters. Results and discussion: Based on the volume of water observed, it was not possible to establish a consumption pattern in this building. For the variables analyzed, a removal of approximately 85% of COD, 97% of BOD and 68% of TDS and an increase of 49% of DO was obtained. Implications of the research: The garden installed was efficient and could be replicated in other areas of the University. However, more research and ongoing monitoring are needed to ensure its successful implementation and operation on a large scale. Originality/value: The results obtained suggest that the filter garden is a promising technology, even using plants that are not usual for this purpose, for the treatment of lavatory effluents, offering an effective, sustainable and economical solution for water purification and being aligned with the objectives of sustainable development.