Films of bacterial cellulose with lipid nanoparticles of sanguinarine as a basis for creating antimicrobial coating materials

Abstract

Sanguinarine is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid contained in Chelidonium majus, Macleaya microcarpa, Sanguinaria canadensis etc. Sanguinarine has a broad spectrum of biological activity, including antimicrobial and antifungal, antiinflammatory, antiadrenergic and antitumour effect. Using a modified emulsion method with solvent evaporation, lipid nanoparticles including sanguinarine were obtained, with a size of 182.3±6.7 nm and a zeta potential of -20.6 ± 1.3 mV. The efficiency of the inclusion of sanguinarine in nanoparticles was 72.9 ± 1.5%. The release of the active substance from nanoparticles had prolonged nature (only 18.2% of sanguinarine was released after 4 h of the experiment, and 39.4% after 24 h). Lipid nanoparticles with sanguinarine were able to effectively sorb and gradually release from the matrix of bacterial cellulose produced by the strain Komagataeibacter nataicola BC-B0007. The maximum inclusion of sanguinarine in the composition of nanoparticles in hydrated films of bacterial cellulose was achieved in 3 h and was 848.0 ± 43.2 μg/g. The obtained bacterial cellulose films carrying lipid nanoparticles with sanguinarine were investigated for their ability to exert an antimicrobial effect in vitro. The sanguinarine released from the films effectively suppressed the growth of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, and also showed fungistatic activity against conditionally pathogenic fungi.